Transcript

Note: This is not a word for word transcript

注意：这不是逐字逐句的笔录

Rob
Hello welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m Rob.

您好，欢迎来到6分钟英语。 我是罗布

Neil
And I’m Neil.

Rob
Can you remember the first time you ever used the World Wide Web or as we often call it, the internet, and what you used it for?

您还记得第一次使用万维网或我们通常所说的万维网，互联网以及用途吗？

Neil
Oh that’s a good question. I do remember. And nothing really changes does it? Because I looked up pictures of cats!

哦，这是一个好问题。 我记得 并没有真正改变吗？ 因为我抬头看猫的照片！

Rob
Cats! Very useful, anyway do you think the internet has generally been positive or negative for the world?

猫！ 非常有用，无论如何，您认为互联网对世界总体上是正面还是负面？

Neil
Wow, that’s a big question. A huge question. I don’t know if I can answer that.

哇，这是个大问题。 一个大问题。 我不知道我能否回答。

Rob
Well one person who perhaps can answer it, is the man who invented it: British computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee. We’ll find out what he thinks has become of his ‘child’ shortly but before that, a question for you all. When did Berners-Lee first suggest the idea for what would become the World Wide Web? Was it in…

也许可以回答这个问题的人就是发明它的人：英国计算机科学家Tim Berners-Lee。 我们很快就会发现他对他的“孩子”的看法，但是在此之前，对大家来说都是一个问题。 伯纳斯·李（Berners-Lee）何时首次提出有关将成为万维网的想法？ 是在…
a) 1985
b) 1989
c) 1991

Neil
Tricky but I think it’s earlier than people think so I’m going to go for 1985.

整rick，但我认为它早于人们的想象，所以我打算去1985年。

Rob
Well that was a long time ago but we’ll reveal the answer a little later in the programme. I think it’s true to say that the internet has been one of, if not the most important technological developments perhaps of all time. Would you agree Neil?

嗯，那是很久以前的事了，但是我们稍后会在程序中透露答案。 我认为可以肯定地说，互联网一直是也许不是最重要的技术发展之一。 你会同意尼尔吗？

Neil
Well it’s hard to imagine living without it. Not impossible, but not nearly as convenient.

好吧，很难想象没有它。 并非没有，但没有那么方便。

Rob
These days we take the internet for granted. We share our lives on social media and not just with friends and family. And that isn’t always a positive thing according to the father of the internet, Tim Berners-Lee. In a recent BBC Tech Tent programme he talked about his concerns with the internet and particularly the companies that control its information. Companies which he calls ‘internet giants’. What does he say he thought these companies had to do?

这些天，我们认为互联网是理所当然的。 我们在社交媒体上分享生活，而不仅仅是与朋友和家人分享。 根据互联网之父蒂姆·伯纳斯·李的说法，这并不总是一件好事。 在最近的BBC Tech Tent计划中，他谈到了他对互联网的关注，尤其是控制其信息的公司。 他称之为“互联网巨人”的公司。 他说他认为这些公司必须做什么？

Tim Berners-Lee
Initially I felt the main thing an internet giant had to do was just to be neutral, just be a platform and humanity, once connected by technology, will do wonderful things. And clearly it doesn’t work like that. If you connect humanity via Wikipedia then they do produce, in general, wonderful things. If you connect people by social network where they have anonymity, then it can bring out the very nastiest of people.

最初，我觉得互联网巨头必须做的主要事情就是保持中立，成为一个平台，人类一旦被技术联系起来，就会做得很好。 显然，它不是那样工作的。 如果您通过Wikipedia连接人类，那么它们确实会产生美好的事物。 如果您通过人们具有匿名性的社交网络连接人们，那么它可以带出最讨厌的人们。

Rob
So what did he say he thought these internet giants had to do?

那么他说他认为这些互联网巨头必须做什么？

Neil
He said that he thought initially, that they just had to be neutral. Initially means ‘at first’, ‘in the beginning’ and it also suggests that later he changed his mind. Anyway, he said that he thought they just had to be neutral. Neutral here means that they didn’t need to do anything, they didn’t need to control the internet or information. He thought it would be a tool to connect people and ideas and information and it would be wonderful.

他说，他最初认为，他们只是必须保持中立。 最初的意思是“最初”，“开始”，也暗示后来他改变了主意。 无论如何，他说他认为他们只是必须保持中立。 这里的中性意味着他们不需要做任何事情，也不需要控制互联网或信息。 他认为这将是一种将人与思想和信息联系起来的工具，并且会很棒。

Rob
But it’s not all good, is it?

但这并不都很好，对吗？

Neil
No. He does say that giving people access to sources of information is generally a good thing but that when it comes to social networks, social media, people have anonymity.

不会。他确实说，使人们能够访问信息源通常是一件好事，但是当涉及到社交网络，社交媒体时，人们具有匿名性。

Rob
Anonymity?

匿名？

Neil
Yes. It means that on the internet people can hide their true identity or personality. Some people write things that they would never say to someone in person because they think there will be no consequences. Berners-Lee says anonymity can bring out the nastiest side of people. People saying horrible and terrible things to each other.

是。 这意味着人们可以在互联网上隐藏自己的真实身份或个性。 有些人写的东西是他们永远不会对某人说的，因为他们认为不会有任何后果。 伯纳斯·李说，匿名可以带给人们最讨厌的一面。 人们互相说可怕的话。

Rob
Berners-Lee does have some suggestions for how this could be changed. And it’s based on the idea of likes and shares, which he calls kudos. What’s his suggestion?

伯纳斯·李（Berners-Lee）确实对如何更改此方法提出了一些建议。 它基于喜欢和分享的概念，他称之为赞誉。 他的建议是什么？

Tim Berners-Lee
The different social networks and different platforms are in different situations and in some cases they have acknowledged there is an issue. I think they realise that the issue could be hugely ameliorated by tweaking the way the thing works by changing the way retweets are propagated or changing the way people get kudos – give them more kudos for being constructive for example.

不同的社交网络和平台处于不同的情况，在某些情况下，他们已经承认存在问题。 我认为他们认识到，通过更改转推的传播方式或更改人们获得赞誉的方式来调整事物的工作方式，可以极大地改善该问题，例如，给他们更多具有建设性的赞誉。

Rob
So how does he think companies could address the problem?

那么他认为公司如何解决这个问题？

Neil
Well, he says that some of the social networks have agreed that there is a problem and they know what could improve it.

好吧，他说，一些社交网络已经同意存在问题，并且他们知道可以改善它。

Rob
He didn’t use the word improve though, did he?

但是他没有使用“改善”这个词，对吗？

Neil
No he actually used the rather formal verb ameliorate, which means ‘to improve or make something better’.

不，他实际上使用的是相当正式的动词“改善”，意思是“改善或做得更好”。

Rob
So how does he suggest the problem could be ameliorated?

那么他如何建议这个问题可以得到改善？

Neil
By tweaking the way in which people give or receive kudos. Tweaking means ‘making a small change to the way something works’. Much of what happens on the internet is driven by our desire to get likes and shares – this is the kudos that Berners-Lee talks about. He feels that tweaking this could lead to a better experience. For example, getting more kudos for constructive or positive actions.

通过调整人们给予或接受荣誉的方式。 调整意味着“对某些事物的工作方式进行小的更改”。 互联网上发生的许多事情都是由我们渴望获得喜欢和分享的动力所驱动的–这就是Berners-Lee谈论的荣誉。 他认为，对此进行调整可以带来更好的体验。 例如，为建设性或积极行动获得更多荣誉。

Rob
Mmm, interesting – but I wonder who would decide if something is constructive?

嗯，很有趣-但我想知道谁会决定某些东西是否具有建设性？

Neil
Well that’s another big question for another day, I guess.

好吧，我想这是另一天的另一个大问题。

Rob
For now though, let’s have the answer to our small question. In what year did Berners-Lee present the idea for what would become the World Wide Web? The options were a) 1985, b)1989 or c) 1991. It was infact 1989. Now before we go let’s have a quick recap of today’s vocabulary.

现在，让我们来回答这个小问题。 伯纳斯·李（Berners-Lee）在哪一年提出了将成为万维网的想法？ 选项是a）1985，b）1989或c）1991。实际上是1989。现在，在我们开始之前，让我们快速回顾一下今天的词汇。

Neil
Initially – means ‘at first – in the beginning’. Then we had neutral.

最初-意思是“首先-开始”。 然后我们有了中立。

Rob
In this case it meant ‘not controlling’ or ‘not taking any action to control’.

在这种情况下，这意味着“不控制”或“不采取任何行动来控制”。

Neil
Then there was the noun anonymity which is the state of having a hidden identity or personality.

然后是名词匿名，即具有隐藏身份或性格的状态。

Rob
Next, to ameliorate a situation is to make it better.

接下来，要改善这种情况。

Neil
To tweak something is to make a small change to the way something works.

调整某些东西就是对某些东西的工作方式进行少量更改。

Rob
And then we had kudos. Kudos is praise and appreciation for something you’ve done.

然后我们有了荣誉。 对您所做的一切表示赞赏和赞赏。

Neil
Well kudos to you Rob for today’s programme. Thank you very much.

罗伯，今天的节目对您来说是个好荣誉。 非常感谢你。

Rob
Well, thank you Neil and thank you everyone for listening. That’s all we have today but you can, find us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube, and of course our website bbclearningenglish.com! Bye for now.

好吧，谢谢尼尔，也谢谢大家的倾听。 这就是我们今天拥有的全部，但是您可以在Facebook，Twitter，Instagram和YouTube，当然还有我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com上找到我们！ 暂时再见。

Neil
Thanks for joining us and goodbye.

感谢您加入我们并再见。